The Rhine at Cologne will top out at 9 meters during Monday, according to the local flood control center. Despite the volume of water, effective defenses and water management have resulted in limited damage.

Residential areas have so far been spared - with few exceptions. Some roads and cellars in Cochem along the Moselle have been flooded.

The rise in water levels is not only a threat to urban areas but also to low-lying fields and nature. The habitat of animals is just as much in jeopardy as that of humans, with floods sometimes resulting in irreparable damages to the eco-system.

River traffic has been restricted or even stopped in many areas because of the high tide.

Cologne authorities said traffic for vessels including tourist boats has been stopped. A riverside promenade was flooded, but officials said the fairly low-lying historic center isn't threatened.

Cologne is considered to be one of the most flood prone cities in Europe. The city has invested heavily in flood protection in recent years. Statistically, rain and high water levels are causing floods in Cologne every two to five years - which attracts journalists and tourists alike.