Bosnia: Reformists gain in vote dominated by ethnic tensions
October 3, 2022
Bosnia's election was held primarily to cast ballots for the country's unique tripartite presidency, a system that sees the president's role shared by one Bosniak, one Serb and one Croat, who each serve a four-year term.
The vote has been a tight contest between entrenched nationalists and economy-focused reformists.
Preliminary results on Monday showed that moderate Denis Becirevic was leading in the race for the Muslim Bosniak seat on presidency. "It is time for a positive turnaround in Bosnia," he said after claiming victory.
Becirevic, from the Social Democratic Party (SDP), won 55.78% of the votes over Bakir Izetbegovic, whose nationalist Bosniak Party of the Democratic Action (SDA) has been in power since the end of the war in 1996. The latter conceded defeat late on Sunday
For the Croat presidency member, moderate Zeljko Komsic appears to be slightly ahead of Borjana Kristo of the nationalist Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ)
In the race for the the Serb member of the Bosnian presidency, Zeljka Cvijanovic won 51.65% of the votes counted, a close ally of pro-Russian Milorad Dodik.
Dodik used to be the Serb member of the presidency but now is running for the separate job of president of the Republika Srpska, the autonomous Serbian part of the country. In that separate vote, he appears still tied with the opposition's Jelena Trivic, an economy professor.
Voters have also picked the deputies of the federal parliament and a string of regional and local councils.
The election followed a campaign dominated by threats of secession, political infighting and ethnic tensions.
The Balkan country is going through arguably its worst political crisis since the end of its war in the 1990s.
Bosnia remains divided between two largely autonomous regions: the Republika Srpska (RS) and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBiH), which is shared by Bosniaks and Croats.
Bosnia's system of government was created as part of the 1995 Dayton peace agreement, brokered by the United States, which ended the Bosnian war but gave ethnic leaders the authority to retain the status quo.
Serb secession plan delayed
RS, the Serbian part, seeks secession from Bosnia. In December it voted to withdraw its representatives from the country's armed forces, tax system, and judiciary. The plan is currently on hold.
Long-serving Serb nationalist Milorad Dodik is seen by the West as the most destructive player in local politics and his party enjoys the support of Russia, Serbia and Hungary.
Dodik is seeking a third term as head of RS after completing a stint as one of the country's three presidents.
The country's Muslim Bosniaks were given the choice of voting for a disparate, 11-party coalition that is trying to unseat the rule of the mainstream SDA.
The SDA has largely dominated the politics in the tiny country for decades.
Croat nationalists have also been working to weaken Bosnian state institutions as a whole and warned they may block the formation of a government if moderate Zeljko Komsic wins the post of Croat presidency member.
Political infighting delays prospect of EU membership
More than a quarter-century after the war ended, hatred and mistrust persist.
The feuding has hobbled Bosnia's candidacy to become a member of the European Union.
Bosnia applied in 2016 but an EU assessment said entrenched structural problems, including weak rule of law, was holding the country back.
tg, mm/msh,kb (AFP, dpa, Reuters)