Taliban wata kungiya ce ta Afghanistan da ke da kaifin kishin Islama. Ta samo tushenta ne daga makwabciyar kasa Pakistan
Wannan kalma na nufin dalibai ko almajirai, amma kungiyar ta yi mulkin Afghanistan daga 1996 zuwa 2001 inda ta kafa shari'ar Musulunci. Bayan da Amirka ta raba 'ya'yan wannan kungiya da madafun iko ne suka fara kaddamar da hare-haren sari ka noke.