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'Yan Amirka bakar fata 12 da suka yi fice

Tarihin Amirka ya fi karkata ga fararen fata duk kuwa da cewar bakar fata sun yi fice. Ga wasu daga cikin bakaken fata 'yan kasar da ya kamata a ce sun shiga kundin tarihi sosai a tsukin shekaru 300 da suka gabata.

Crispus Attucks (1723-1770)

Ba a kafa kasar da yanzu ake kira Amirka ba a lokacin da ya yi rayuwarsa. Lokacin da aka yi kashe-kashe a Boston sakamakon tada kayar bayan da aka yi wa sojojin Birtaniya, Crispus Attucks wanda a lokacin ma'akacin tashar jirgin ruwa ne na daga cikin fararen hula biyar da aka kashe a ranar 5 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1770. Wannan ya sa ana kallonsa a matsayin shahidi na juyin-juya halin Amirka.
Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806)

Banneker masanin lissafi ne da kuma ilimin taurari kuma shi ne masanin kimiyya na farko cikin jerin 'yan Amirka bakar fata. Yana daga cikin wanda suka rika sukar Shugaba Thomas Jefferson kan irin tsarinsa na daukar bakar fata a matsayin kaskantattu. A lokacin ya kwatanta halin da bakaken fata ke ciki da irin wanda suka tsinci kansu a ciki kafin samun 'yancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka.
Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784)

An haifi Phillis a kasar Gambiya kafin daga bisani a sayar da ita a matsayin baiwa a lokacin da ta cika shekaru bakwai da haihuwa. Iyayen gijinta sun koya mata karatu da rubu har ma ta kai ga rubuta wata wata a lokacin da take 'yar shekaru 13. Phillis dai ita ce 'yan Amirka bakar fata ta farko da ta rubuta cikakken litattafi na rubutattun wakoki a shekarar 1773.
James Forten (1766-1842)

James Forten dai kwararren matukin jirgin ruwa ne kuma ya fara wannan harka ta kashin kansa a shekarar 1798 bayan da ya koyi harkar, hakan kuma ya sanya shi zama attajiri. Bai taba sayar da jirgin ruwa ga masu cinikin bayi ba, hasali ma ya yi ta amfani da dukiyarsa wajen yaki da bauta da samar da 'yanci ga bakaken fatar Amirka. Yana daya daga cikin fitattun bakaken fata 100 na Amirka.
Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)

Mahaifan Isabella Bomfree bayi ne. A lokacin bauta ta sha wahala kafin daga baya ta tsere tare da 'yarta bayan da wani mai yaki da bauta ya taimaka mata a shekarar 1827. A matsayinta na yawo don yin wa'azi, Sojourner Truth ta yi amfani da wannan dama wajen yaki da cin zarafin mata da kawar da bauta. Wani jawabi da ta yi a 1851 kan samar da daidaito na jinsi da kawar da bauta ya sa ta yi fice.
Maria W. Stewart (1803-1879)

Maria fitacciyar 'yar jarida ce sannan ta yi suna wajen yaki da bauta, kana ta taba zama malama sannan an dama da ita wajen kare hakkin mata. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara jawabi gaban wani taro na bakake da fararen fata 'yan Amirka. A jawabin ta ce ba launin fata ne ke nuna ko kai waye ba, irin alkiblar da mutum ya fuskanta ce ke yin nuni da hakan.
Harriet Tubman (ca. 1820-1913)

Bayan da ya guje wa bauta a shekarar 1849, Harriet Tubman ta zama jami'ar jiragen kasa na karkashin kasa da bayin da suka tsere ke amfani da su wajen zuwa tudun mun tsira a arewacin Amirka. Ta taimaka wa tsofaffin bayi da dama wajen yaki da talauci. Hoton Tubman ne zai maye gurbin na tsohon shugaban kasar Andrew Jackson a jikin sabuwar takardar kudi ta dala 20 da za a samar.
Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)

Yakin basasa ne ya taimaka masa wajen samun 'yanci daga bauta. Daga bisani ya zama fitaccen malamin makaranta da kuma marubuci gami da mashawarci na shugabannin Amirka da dama. Ya yi ta kokari wajen jan hankalin bakaken fatar Amirka wajen sauya matsayinsu ta hanyar yin karatu da kuma kasuwanci. Washington shi ne bakar fata dan Amirka na farko da ya ci abinci tare da shugaban kasa a shekarar 1901.
Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)

Mahaifan Ida B. Wells-Barnett bayi ne. Matar ta kasance fitaciyyar 'yar jarida kana 'yar shahararriyar 'yar kungiyar farar hula. Tana daga cikin wanda suka kafa kungiyar nan ta NAACP mai fafutukar ci gaban bakaken fatar Amirka. Ida ta yi aiki tukuru wajen nuna yadda aka halaka mutane a kudancin kasar da kuma nuna irin yadda ake kashe bakaken fata ba tare da sun aikata laifi ba.
James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938)

James Weldon ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in diflomasiyya a zamanin Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt kuma shi ne bakar fata na farko da ya zama farfesa a jami'ar New York. Har wa yau shi ne shugaban kungyar nan ta NAACP, sannan ya yi yaki da wariyar launin fata. Baya ga haka mutumin marubuci ne, hasali ma wakar da ya rubuta ta "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing" a matsayin taken bakaken fatar Amirka.
W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963)

Shi ma dai yana daga cikin wanda suka kafa kungiyar NAACP sannan kuma dan jarida ne kana masanin tarihi. Ya kuma yi fice wajen fafutuka. Shi ne bakar fata na farko da ya samu digirin digirgir daga jami'ar Havard a shekarar 1985. Ya rubuta kundin digirinsa kan cinikin bayi. A shekarar 1919 ya shirya wani baje koli na bakaken fata na farko a Paris inda ya kalubalanci wariyar launin fata.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)

Labarinta ya taimaka wajen haifar da fafutuka ta 'yan kungiyar farar hula a Amirka. An kama Parks a shekarar1955 saboda ta ki tashi daga kujerarta a cikin motar haya don farar fata ya zauna. Wannan ya sanya bakaken fata kaurace wa shiga motocin bas-bas wanda aka yi wa lakabi da "Montgomery Bus Boycott," wanda kuma shi ne ya fito da Martin Luther King a matsayin dan kungiyar farar hula.

Crispus Attucks (1723-1770)

Ba a kafa kasar da yanzu ake kira Amirka ba a lokacin da ya yi rayuwarsa. Lokacin da aka yi kashe-kashe a Boston sakamakon tada kayar bayan da aka yi wa sojojin Birtaniya, Crispus Attucks wanda a lokacin ma'akacin tashar jirgin ruwa ne na daga cikin fararen hula biyar da aka kashe a ranar 5 ga watan Maris na shekarar 1770. Wannan ya sa ana kallonsa a matsayin shahidi na juyin-juya halin Amirka.
Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806)

Banneker masanin lissafi ne da kuma ilimin taurari kuma shi ne masanin kimiyya na farko cikin jerin 'yan Amirka bakar fata. Yana daga cikin wanda suka rika sukar Shugaba Thomas Jefferson kan irin tsarinsa na daukar bakar fata a matsayin kaskantattu. A lokacin ya kwatanta halin da bakaken fata ke ciki da irin wanda suka tsinci kansu a ciki kafin samun 'yancin kai daga turawan mulkin mallaka.
Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784)

An haifi Phillis a kasar Gambiya kafin daga bisani a sayar da ita a matsayin baiwa a lokacin da ta cika shekaru bakwai da haihuwa. Iyayen gijinta sun koya mata karatu da rubu har ma ta kai ga rubuta wata wata a lokacin da take 'yar shekaru 13. Phillis dai ita ce 'yan Amirka bakar fata ta farko da ta rubuta cikakken litattafi na rubutattun wakoki a shekarar 1773.
James Forten (1766-1842)

James Forten dai kwararren matukin jirgin ruwa ne kuma ya fara wannan harka ta kashin kansa a shekarar 1798 bayan da ya koyi harkar, hakan kuma ya sanya shi zama attajiri. Bai taba sayar da jirgin ruwa ga masu cinikin bayi ba, hasali ma ya yi ta amfani da dukiyarsa wajen yaki da bauta da samar da 'yanci ga bakaken fatar Amirka. Yana daya daga cikin fitattun bakaken fata 100 na Amirka.
Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)

Mahaifan Isabella Bomfree bayi ne. A lokacin bauta ta sha wahala kafin daga baya ta tsere tare da 'yarta bayan da wani mai yaki da bauta ya taimaka mata a shekarar 1827. A matsayinta na yawo don yin wa'azi, Sojourner Truth ta yi amfani da wannan dama wajen yaki da cin zarafin mata da kawar da bauta. Wani jawabi da ta yi a 1851 kan samar da daidaito na jinsi da kawar da bauta ya sa ta yi fice.
Maria W. Stewart (1803-1879)

Maria fitacciyar 'yar jarida ce sannan ta yi suna wajen yaki da bauta, kana ta taba zama malama sannan an dama da ita wajen kare hakkin mata. Ita ce mace ta farko da ta fara jawabi gaban wani taro na bakake da fararen fata 'yan Amirka. A jawabin ta ce ba launin fata ne ke nuna ko kai waye ba, irin alkiblar da mutum ya fuskanta ce ke yin nuni da hakan.
Harriet Tubman (ca. 1820-1913)

Bayan da ya guje wa bauta a shekarar 1849, Harriet Tubman ta zama jami'ar jiragen kasa na karkashin kasa da bayin da suka tsere ke amfani da su wajen zuwa tudun mun tsira a arewacin Amirka. Ta taimaka wa tsofaffin bayi da dama wajen yaki da talauci. Hoton Tubman ne zai maye gurbin na tsohon shugaban kasar Andrew Jackson a jikin sabuwar takardar kudi ta dala 20 da za a samar.
Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)

Yakin basasa ne ya taimaka masa wajen samun 'yanci daga bauta. Daga bisani ya zama fitaccen malamin makaranta da kuma marubuci gami da mashawarci na shugabannin Amirka da dama. Ya yi ta kokari wajen jan hankalin bakaken fatar Amirka wajen sauya matsayinsu ta hanyar yin karatu da kuma kasuwanci. Washington shi ne bakar fata dan Amirka na farko da ya ci abinci tare da shugaban kasa a shekarar 1901.
Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)

Mahaifan Ida B. Wells-Barnett bayi ne. Matar ta kasance fitaciyyar 'yar jarida kana 'yar shahararriyar 'yar kungiyar farar hula. Tana daga cikin wanda suka kafa kungiyar nan ta NAACP mai fafutukar ci gaban bakaken fatar Amirka. Ida ta yi aiki tukuru wajen nuna yadda aka halaka mutane a kudancin kasar da kuma nuna irin yadda ake kashe bakaken fata ba tare da sun aikata laifi ba.
James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938)

James Weldon ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'in diflomasiyya a zamanin Shugaba Theodore Roosevelt kuma shi ne bakar fata na farko da ya zama farfesa a jami'ar New York. Har wa yau shi ne shugaban kungyar nan ta NAACP, sannan ya yi yaki da wariyar launin fata. Baya ga haka mutumin marubuci ne, hasali ma wakar da ya rubuta ta "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing" a matsayin taken bakaken fatar Amirka.
W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963)

Shi ma dai yana daga cikin wanda suka kafa kungiyar NAACP sannan kuma dan jarida ne kana masanin tarihi. Ya kuma yi fice wajen fafutuka. Shi ne bakar fata na farko da ya samu digirin digirgir daga jami'ar Havard a shekarar 1985. Ya rubuta kundin digirinsa kan cinikin bayi. A shekarar 1919 ya shirya wani baje koli na bakaken fata na farko a Paris inda ya kalubalanci wariyar launin fata.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)

Labarinta ya taimaka wajen haifar da fafutuka ta 'yan kungiyar farar hula a Amirka. An kama Parks a shekarar1955 saboda ta ki tashi daga kujerarta a cikin motar haya don farar fata ya zauna. Wannan ya sanya bakaken fata kaurace wa shiga motocin bas-bas wanda aka yi wa lakabi da "Montgomery Bus Boycott," wanda kuma shi ne ya fito da Martin Luther King a matsayin dan kungiyar farar hula.

Ana iya karanta

CORRECTS DATE FROM THURSDAY, JAN. 26 TO FRIDAY, JAN. 27 - Protesters gather in Lafayette Park outside the White House in Washington, Friday, Jan. 27, 2023, over the death of Tyre Nichols, who died after being beaten by Memphis police. (AP Photo/Andrew Harnik)

Amirka ta rusa rundunar 'yan sanda kan kisan matashi 29.01.2023

Amirka ta dauki mataki na rusa rundunar 'yan sanda da ake wa lakabi da Scorpion bayan da aka samu wasu jami'anta da laifin hannu a kisan wani matashi bakar fata.

Police secure a perimeter after a shooting at a supermarket, Saturday, May 14, 2022, in Buffalo, N.Y. (AP Photo/Joshua Bessex)

Dan bindiga ya kashe mutane 10 a Amirka 15.05.2022

Matashi farar fata mai shekaru 18 ya bude wuta a wani babban kanti a unguwar bakar fata a birnin Buffalo na Amirka, inda ya kashe mutane 10, hukumomi sun danganta harin da "tsattsauran ra'ayi mai nasaba da kabilanci".

K29115AR PRESS CONFERENCE TO DISCUSS THE U.N. INSPECTORS RETURN FROM IRAQ TO REPORT FINDINGS , NYC. COLIN POWELL 02/14/2003 Credit: RENAULT/GLB/MPI/Capital Pictures ü2003 CAP/MPI/GP ©GP/MPI/Capital Pictures K29115AR PRESS CONFERENCE TO DISCUSS THE U.N. INSPECTORS RETURN FROM IRAQ TO REPORT FINDINGS , NYC. COLIN POWELL 02/14/2003 Credit: RENAULT/GLB/MPI/Capital Pictures _2003 CAP/MPI/GP ©GP/MPI/Capital Pictures

Janar Colin Powell ya mutu 18.10.2021

Colin Powell da ke zama bakar fata na farko da ya rike sakataren harkokin wajen Amirka ya bar duniya yana da shekaru 84 da haihuwa.

Democratic presidential candidate, former Vice President Joe Biden speaks via video link as family and guests attend the funeral service for George Floyd at The Fountain of Praise church Tuesday, June 9, 2020, in Houston. David J. Phillip/Pool via REUTERS

Amirka: Za a bude shari'ar kisan George Floyd 07.03.2021

Watanni tara bayan mutuwar bakar fatar nan na Amirka George Floyd, an fara shirin gurfanar da dan sandan da ake zargin ya yi ajalinsa a gaban kuliya.

Kwanan wata 19.06.2020
Adadin hotuna 12
Mawallafi Suzanne Cords (AS/ MAB)
Muhimman kalmomi Amirka, Bakar Fata
Aiko mana da ra'ayi
Bugawa Buga wannan shafi
Permalink https://p.dw.com/p/3dvqB

JIGO

NA MUSAMMAN

Darussan Jamusanci

Deutsch XXL

Community D

Koyar da Jamusanci

Zamantakewa

'Yan Amirka bakar fata 12 da suka yi fice

Crispus Attucks (1723-1770)

Benjamin Banneker (1731-1806)

Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784)

James Forten (1766-1842)

Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)

Maria W. Stewart (1803-1879)

Harriet Tubman (ca. 1820-1913)

Booker T. Washington (1856-1915)

Ida B. Wells-Barnett (1862-1931)

James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938)

W. E. B. Du Bois (1868-1963)

Rosa Parks (1913-2005)