Saliyo tana cikin kasashen yankin yammacin Afirka da Birtaniya ta yi wa mulkin mallaka kafin samun 'yanci a 1961, sannan ta zama jamhuriya a 1971.
Kasar tana cikin wdaanda ake samun ingatuwar mulkin demokaradiyya bayan juye-juyen mulkin sojoji da yakin basasa wanda ya janyo mutuwar dubban mutane kana wasu da dama suka tsere daga gidajensu.