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Afrika na uchaguzi wa Marekani

1 Novemba 2012

Miaka minne iliyopita bara la Afrika lilikaribisha kuchaguliwa kwa Barack Obama kwa vifijo na nderemo, Afrika ikitarajia kuwa rais huyo wa kwanza mweusi nchini Marekani angeliliangalia kwa msisitizo wa aina yake.

https://p.dw.com/p/16b5E
U.S. President Barack Obama makes a point during the final U.S. presidential debate in Boca Raton, Florida, October 22, 2012. REUTERS/Scott Audette (UNITED STATES - Tags: POLITICS ELECTIONS USA PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION) // Eingestellt von wa
Rais wa Marekani Barack ObamaPicha: Reuters

Lakini badala ya kulishika bara hilo kwa mkono wenye matumaini, Afrika ilipata sera kali na za kikaidi za "usalama kwanza".

Bara la Afrika lilijionesha wakati wa kuchaguliwa kwa Barack Obama kuwa rais wa Marekani Novemba 2008 kuwa lilifurahishwa mno. Waziri wa mambo ya kigeni wa Nigeria alitokwa na machozi, Nelson Mandela aliusifu uchaguzi huo na kusema kuwa ni thibitisho kuwa watu wanapaswa "kujaribu kuota ndoto," na Kenya ilitangaza kuwa ni siku ya mapumziko ya taifa.

In this hand out photograph supplied by Peter Morey Photographic for the Mandela family, showing former South African president Nelson Mandela, center, with family members left to right Zaziwe Manaway, Ziphokazi Manaway, Zamaswazi Dlamini and Zamak Obiri at Mandela's hometown in Qunu, South Africa, Sunday July 17, 2011. Mandela celebrates his 93rd birthday Monday July 18, 2011. (Foto:Peter Morey Photographic-HO/AP/dapd) NO SALES - EDITORIAL USE ONLY
Rais mstaafu wa Afrika kusini Nelson MandelaPicha: dapd

Furaha hiyo haraka ilijibiwa kwa ziara ya Obama nchini Ghana miezi mitano tu baada ya kuapishwa.

Damu ya Mwafrika

"Nina damu ya Afrika," amesema Obama kwa hisia kali , alipolihutubia bunge la Ghana na watu waliokuwa wakitazama televisheni katika bara la Afrika. Afrika , rais huyo mpya alisema, sasa ni sehemu muhimu ya ulimwengu wetu uliounganika.

Lakini wakati mdororo mkubwa wa uchumi nchini Marekani ulipoongozeka , vita nchini Iraq na Afghanistan zikiendelea na likazuka vuguvugu la mapinduzi katika mataifa ya Kiarabu, mataifa ya Afrika kusini mwa jangwa la Sahara yakajikuta katika hali ambayo si ya kawaida, yakifichwa nyuma ya mambo yote hayo.

"Kulikuwa na matumaini kuwa atakuwa rais wa Marekani kwa ajili ya Afrika," amesema mwanadiplomasia wa siku nyingi nchini Afrika kusini Thomas Wheeler, hivi sasa akifanyakazi katika taasisi ya Afrika kusini ya masuala ya kimataifa. "Yalikuwa ni matarajio yasiyowezekana."

"Ukweli kwamba baba yake alitoka Afrika haukuwa na maana kuwa atatumia muda mwingi akihusika na Afrika."

Kimsingi, ziara ya Obama nchini Ghana ilikuwa ndio ziara yake pekee katika eneo hilo. Pamoja na hayo kimsingi , ilichukua hadi Juni mwaka huu kwa Ikulu ya Marekani ya White House kuja na waraka wenye kurasa tisa , juu ya "mkakati wa Marekani kuhusiana na mataifa ya Afrika kusini mwa jangwa la Sahara".

Hata hivyo bara hilo halikutupwa kando

Ndege ya rais Air Force One haijaonekana tena katika bara la Afrika, lakini ndege za jeshi la anga la Marekani , pamoja na matawi mengine ya huduma za usalama nchini Marekani zimeonekana katika bara hilo.

A U.S. Navy BQM-74E drone launches from the flight deck of the guided missile frigate USS Underwood (FFG 36) during a live fire exercise in the Caribbean Sea, September 21, 2012 as part of Unitas Atlantic phase 53-12 in this image released on September 24, 2012. Unitas, Latin for "unity," is an annual U.S. Southern Command-sponsored, multinational naval exercise designed to enhance security cooperation and improve coalition operations between South American and U.S. maritime forces. REUTERS/Stuart Phillips/U.S. Navy/Handout (Tags: TRANSPORT MILITARY TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY) FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS
Ndege zisizokuwa na rubani za MarekaniPicha: REUTERS/Stuart Phillips/U.S. Navy/Handout

Kimya kimya , sera za Marekani kuelekea bara la Afrika zilianza kuonekana kuchukua mkondo mkali zaidi na zaidi , kama vile zilivyo sera kuelekea duniani kote.

"Obama kwa akili yangu analishughulikia zaidi bara la Afrika, lakini kiini cha jinsi gani Marekani inashughulika katika bara la Afrika kimebadilika. Kumekuwa na mwelekeo zaidi wa kiusalama," amesema Jason Warner, mtaalamu wa chuo kikuu cha Harvard ,kuhusu usalama katika bara la Afrika.

Kwa mujibu wa Warner, Obama amesaidia katika kuweka katika hali ya kawaida ,sera kuelekea Afrika. "Hakuna eneo jingine duniani ambalo Marekani inajihusisha kwa misingi ya ubinadamu tu."

Tangu pale Obama alipochukua madaraka imeripotiwa kuwa utawala wake umepanua mtandao wa vituo vya jeshi la anga katika bara hilo, wakitunisha misuli yao dhidi ya makundi yenye mafungamano na kundi la kigaidi la al-Qaeda pamoja na makundi mengine.

FILE - This March 25, 2007, file image, made from video posted on a website frequented by Islamist militants and provided via the IntelCenter, shows al-Qaida militant Abu Yahia al-Libi. A CIA drone strike Monday, June 4, 2012, targeted al-Qaida's second in command, Abu Yahia al-Libi, in Pakistan, but it was unclear whether he was among those hit, U.S. officials said. U.S. officials say fewer than five people were hit, although Pakistani officials say more than a dozen people were killed in two days of strikes in Pakistan. (AP Photo/IntelCenter, File) THE ASSOCIATED PRESS HAS NO WAY OF INDEPENDENTLY VERIFYING THE CONTENT, LOCATION OR DATE OF THIS VIDEO
Mmoja wa viongozi wa kundi la al-Qaeda aliyelengwa katika mashambulizi ya Marekani Abu Yahia al-LibiPicha: dapd

Vituo vya siri nchini Burkina Faso, Mauritania na Uganda vinasemekana kutumiwa kwa njia kadha kufanya upelelezi dhidi ya al-Qaeda katika eneo la maghreb la mataifa ya Kiislamu na kuwafuatilia baadhi ya watu wanaohusika na kundi la Lord's Resistance Army, linaloongozwa na Joseph Kony.

Mashambulizi ambayo hayajathibitishwa na ndege zisizokuwa na rubani yameripotiwa mara kwa mara nchini Somalia. Kwa mujibu wa ofisi yenye makao yake makuu mjini London ya uandishi wa habari za kiuchunguzi , kati ya watu 58 na 170 wameuwawa katika mashambulio kati ya 10 hadi 23 nchini Somalia, licha ya kuwa baadhi yamefanyika wakati wa utawala wa rais wa zamani George Bush.

Mwandishi: Sekione Kitojo/afpe

Mhariri: Mohammed Khelef