1. 跳转至内容
  2. 跳转至主菜单
  3. 跳转到更多DW网站

索马里:强奸话题是禁忌

2013年8月19日

在严格实行穆斯林教规的索马里,强奸话题是个禁忌。但是在该国强奸罪行时有发生。特别是那些栖身在窝棚中的妇女和青少年最容易成为牺牲品。妇女权益组织试图帮助受害者打破沉默,使罪犯不再逍遥法外。

https://p.dw.com/p/19SKE
A Somali woman who was displaced from her home village due to one of the harshest droughts affecting the region in the past 60 years, washes clothes near the bullet riddled wall of a mosque in a neighborhood of Somalia's capital Mogadishu on August 15, 2011. This neighborhood saw fierce fighting between armed extremist insurgents belonging to Al-Shebab and pro-government soldiers and fighters vying for power in the city. The Al-Shebab who until recently controlled part of this neighborhood left the city a few weeks ago. Many of the Somali's who were displaced by the famine affecting the region moved into the neighborhood and are now living in makeshift shelters among the ruins. Over 100,000 people have fled into Somalia's famine-hit and war-torn capital in the past two months in search of food, water and medicine. Some 12 million people in parts of Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Uganda and Somalia are in danger of starvation in the wake of the region's worst drought in decades. War-wracked Somalia is the country hardest hit by the Horn of Africa's drought, with five areas declared to be experiencing famine. AFP PHOTO/ROBERTO SCHMIDT (Photo credit should read ROBERTO SCHMIDT/AFP/Getty Images)
图像来源: AFP/Getty Images

(德国之声中文网)房间内的墙壁糊着壁纸,给人一种温暖的感觉。不大的房间内摆放着两张床。4个月前莎丽法(Sharifa Mohamed)初到这里时,她简直不敢想象这一切是真的。那时候她还陷于绝望之中。直到今天,这位28岁的妇女还难以启齿讲述她的遭遇。现在,只有在索马里援助机构"拯救索马里妇女和儿童"的这间温馨的小房间里,她才有勇气讲述4个月前的一个晚上发生的事情。她回忆说:"当时天已黑,大约是晚上10点左右。我想出去给孩子买些吃的。当我来到一个露天售货摊时,突然有3个男人站在我面前,将我拽到一个黑暗的墙角。"

Islamic Militia with guns patrol the street of Mogadishu in this Saturday, July 1 2006 file picture. A top official in Somalia's Islamic militia said Wednesday July 19 2006 that his forces will soon seize the base of the country's internationally recognized but powerless government. The Islamic fighters seized the town of Bur Haqaba and were continuing toward Baidoa, some 60 kilometers (37 miles) away, witnesses said Wednesday. (AP Photo/Mohamed Sheikh Nor)
索马里刑事犯罪事件经常发生图像来源: AP

禁忌话题下的犯罪行为

其中一人将她按住,另一人捂住她的嘴,剩下的一人强奸了她。她拼命反抗,但是敌不过这些男人力气大。被蹂躏了一个半小时之后,她哭着回到她居住的窝棚。她说:"我的下身和腰部疼得厉害,而且难以摆脱被凌辱的痛苦感觉。几天过后我还疼得无法站立。"

好在她的丈夫能够给她安慰,这在很多国家并非是理所当然的事情。当她妻子绝望的回到家中时,他冲出去想抓住那3个男人,但他们早已逃之夭夭。莎丽法和丈夫都不想去报警,因为他们觉得没有用。

警察无用 求救救助组织

虽然一年前哈桑·谢赫·马哈茂德( Hassan Sheikh Mohamud )当选为索马里合法总统,而且多年来包括德国在内的很多国家出资支持索马里建设警察部队,但是由于该国20多年处于无政府状态,迄今索马里警察仍没有运作能力而且腐败。老百姓认为遇到紧急情况警察帮不了忙,能起帮助作用的是其他援救组织。莎丽法说:"第二天上午,在救助营内,3个妇女来到我们面前问寒问暖,问我们是否需要帮助。"

这三位妇女是援助机构"拯救索马里妇女和儿童"的成员。莎丽法在这里受到医疗和心理治疗。该组织也为受害者提供法律帮助。该组织在摩加迪沙开展救助工作以来,已经有近1300位妇女来这里请求帮助。在该组织工作的伊布拉希米(Fartuma Ibrahimi)说:"来这里寻求帮助者来自各个年龄段,从4岁到80岁,不仅仅是女孩子,而且还有男孩。"

One of the largest Internal Displaced camps in Mogadishu where hundred families live in hard condition when they fled from drought hit some southern region of Somalia Somali displaced mother and her child in front of her makeshift house in Medina district on Tuesday September 6, 2011.
贫民窟居民常成为暴力受害者图像来源: DW

罪犯得以逍遥法外

援助机构"拯救索马里妇女和儿童"在摩加迪沙建立了很多救助营地。据不同的估计,索马里大约有37万人没有像样的住所。他们栖身在自己用树枝、塑料布或者纸板搭建的窝棚内,经常成为武装分子袭击的对象。莎丽法及其家人就居住在这样的窝棚里。罪犯逍遥法外,一方面是因为受害妇女保持沉默,因为谈论强奸是禁忌。其次,即使报案,大多数情况下法院也不会有所作为。

作者:Bettina Rühl 编译:李京慧

责编:石涛