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“史无前例,但危险”

2013年9月3日

随着蒋洁敏被解职,前中共政治局常委周永康将成为下一只反腐运动被打“老虎”似乎已势在必行。德语媒体指出,打这样的“大虫”鲜有前例,并非没有风险。

https://p.dw.com/p/19alA
Then China's Public Security Minister Zhou Yongkang reacts as he attends the Hebei delegation discussion sessions at the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China at the Great Hall of the People, in Beijing October 16, 2007. Few figures are as divisive in China as former domestic security tsar Zhou, reportedly under investigation by the ruling Communist Party for corruption. Even the once ambitious but now ousted politician Bo Xilai, whose trial on corruption ended on August 26, 2013, doesn't evoke the same depth of feeling that Zhou does. From the oil fields of frigid northeastern China, the hulking Zhou worked his way up to the elite Politburo Standing Committee, where his spending on domestic security exceeded the separate budgets for defence, healthcare or education. Picture taken October 16, 2007. To match story CHINA-POLITICS/ZHOU REUTERS/Jason Lee (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS CRIME LAW)
图像来源: Reuters

(德国之声中文网)从薄熙来案庭审、中石油4名高管被解职,到曾任中石油董事长的国务院发改委主任蒋洁敏落马,无不显示出,中共新领导层正以层层剥笋的方式,晾出源于石油系统的原政治局常委周永康,引起国内外广泛关注。9月3日一期的《南德意志报》“政治”栏目上的一篇文章相信,以周永康的地位,他成为反腐对象,会比薄熙来案更惊心动魄,但隐含更大风险,一大原因是,即使是打大老虎,习近平似乎也有偏袒之嫌:

“数月前,习近平启动反腐、反铺张浪费运动,许诺人民,将‘苍蝇老虎一起打’。不过,权斗中的失败者被官方以‘腐败罪’送上法庭,这在中国是普遍现象。

(FILES) In a file picture taken on March 5, 2012, Zhou Yongkang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of CPC attends the opening session of the National People's Congress (NPC) at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. A group of Communist Party elders has issued a daring open letter calling for the removal of China's top security official, amid political upheaval ahead of a once-a-decade leadership transition. The calls for the sacking of Zhou Yongkang, one of China's top nine leaders, are closely linked to the recent fall of Bo Xilai -- another high-ranking official -- which triggered the nation's biggest political scandal in decades. AFP PHOTO / LIU JIN / FILES (Photo credit should read LIU JIN/AFP/GettyImages)
周永康会否成为下一个“反腐”对象?图像来源: AFP/Getty Images

“其他人没有被触及。例如,《纽约时报》去年年底曾证实,前总理温家宝家族拥有相当于120亿以上欧元的资产,而迄今没有传出关于对该家族进行调查的消息。

“对周永康展开调查的确会是史无前例:周2002年晋升进入中国权利的最核心—政治局常委会,当时还是9人制。自文革结束近40年来,中共大员中还没有哪个来自这一核心的成员被动过一根毫毛。在这一职位上,不论是在任还是下朝,常委迄今享受着不受任何调查的豁免权。

Vice Chairman and President of PetroChina Company Limited Jiang Jiemin attends a news conference in Hong Kong in this March 19, 2007 file photo. China is investigating Jiang, head of the national assets regulator, for "serious discipline violation", state news agency Xinhua reported on September 1, 2013, in what would appear to be another step in Beijing's widening anti-graft campaign. To match Story CHINA-POLITICS/ REUTERS/Paul Yeung /Files (CHINA - Tags: BUSINESS HEADSHOT ENERGY)
蒋洁敏图像来源: Reuters/Paul Yeung

“周何以成为对象?他曾是遭罢黜的薄熙来的密切盟友。有消息称,直到薄被逮捕,周是最高领导层中唯一一个依然保薄的人。打周并非没有风险:作为国安系统的长期领导人,他应该掌握着其他高官们的诸多秘密;作为石油业曾经的太上皇,他了解许多其他领导人的家族如何中饱私囊之内情。至于习近平觉得自己已足够强大,能够整肃周的手下人以至周本人,跟多人认为,这显示,党首的权力正进入下一轮调整期。……

“观察家们预期,习近平为首的领导层在11月份召开的全会上将宣布经济和金融领域的改革举措。最大的抗拒来自强势的国有制造业。而对周阵营的每一个打击都是对国有制造业阵营自动发出的一个警告信号。不论是《南华早报》,还是《纽约时报》都援引党内人士报道称,最终是否对周永康展开调查,尚未定夺。也可能,最后,党的领导层对曾达到削弱周的影响力这一步就满意了”。

China's newly elected President and chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Jinping (L) talks with China's Vice Premier Li Keqiang during the fourth plenary meeting of the first session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC) in Beijing, March 14, 2013. REUTERS/China Daily (CHINA - Tags: POLITICS) CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA
习近平要求反腐图像来源: Reuters

人民币不能自由兑换又显好处

《法兰克福汇报》“经济”栏目上的一篇文章分析作为全球第二大经济体的中国何以又能以“中流砥柱”形象出现,在多数新兴国家经济目前纷纷呈现弱势时,依然保持超过7%的经济增长速度。文章作者直指人民币仍不能自由兑换正是中国经济目前几乎又呈现“一枝独秀”姿态的重要原因:

“为捍卫本国货币,各国纷纷出售硬通货的部分储备。根据金融通讯社彭博提供的数据,亚洲10个最富裕国家中有6个国家的央行今年以来减少了硬通货储备,其中,印尼减少最多,达18%,印度减少4%。相反,中国还增加了原已是全球最大的外汇储备量2.5%。与此同时,人民币同美元的汇率升高近2%。不过,人民币不能自由兑换,中国央行每天确定参考汇率。这种形式的施加影响被认为是有问题的做法,因为,它违反市场法则,在世界市场上以不公平的方式损害竞争对手,并在进口方面削弱了中国人的购买力。然而,在动荡时期,许多观察家却称赞说,此类形式的国家影响好处多多。这一点也适用于对资本流通的管控。它使中国人难以在境外投资或接收资金,同时也限制外国投资人在中国购买股票、债券或不动产”。

A bank teller counts renminbi bank notes in Shenyang, northeast China 13 January 2010. The Chinese central bank, BOC (Peoples Bank of China) raised the deposit reserve requirement for 0.5 percentage points to be effective 18 January. This move is seen as a bid to tighten money supply after four times lowering rates since June 2008 in order to stimulate the economy. The move led to a 2.11 percentage drop in the benchmark Shanghai Composite stock index. EPA/MARK
图像来源: picture-alliance/dpa

摘编:凝炼
责编:洪沙

[摘编自其它媒体,不代表德国之声观点]