NSA tana da hujjar shari'a ta yiwa Jamus leken asiri?

Tun lokacin da aka sami labarin cewar hukumar leken asirin Amirka ta NSA tayi wa wayar salular shugaban gwamnatin Jamus, Angela Merkel kutse, kuma tana sauraron duk abin da take yi da wayar, ake ci gaba da nuna fushi da takaici mai tsanani a kasar. Masana tarihi da shari'a suna ci gaba da muhawara a game da ko Amirkan tana da wata hujja karkashin dokokin shari'a na kasa da kasa a game da daukar irin wannan mataki. Shekaru 10 bayan kare yakin duniya na biyu, Tarayyar Jamhuriyar Jamus, a shekara ta 1955, sakamakon yarjejeniyar Jamus da kasashen yamma da suka kayar da ita a yakin, wato Ingila da Faransa da Amirka ta zama mai cikakken mulkin kanta. A lokaci guda karkashin wannan yarjejenia, Jamus, ta baiwa manyan daulolin uku yancin aiwatar da al'amura masu tarin yawa a kasar. Kamar yadda masanin tarihi, Josef Foschepoth daga Freiburg a shekara ta 2012 ya gano, daga cikin damar manyan kasashen suka samu har da kyale su su rika tafiyar da aiyukan leken asiri a kasar ta Jamus, tare da basu damar kula da aiyukan kafofin sadarwa da da wayar tarho. Wannan yarjejeniya har yanzu tana ci gaba da aiki, kuma har yanzu tana nan da wajibcinta a kan Jamus.

Yace hukumar leken asirin Amirka ta NSA a nan Jamus aka rene ta ta girma har ta kawo karfi, saboda sai a bayan yakin duniya ne aka kafa ta, kuma a nan ne ta fara gabatar da gagarumin aikinta na leken asiri a Jamus baki daya a Turai baki daya a duniya baki daya.

Hakan yana nufin a shari'ance, sauraron wayar salular shugaban gwamnatin Jamus, abu ne dake kan tsari. Ko da shike a takardun asiri dake kunshe da yarjejeniyar baiwa hukumar damar aiki a Jamus, babu inda aka ce an yarda ta rika leken asirin aiyukan gwamnatin tarayya, amma a daya hannun, yarjejeniyar bata fito fili ta haramta yin hakan ba, inji Foschepoth.

To sai dai masana tarihi da shari'a suna ci gaba da muhawarar ko yarjejeiyar da aka cimma tun a shekara ta 1955 data baiwa hukumomin leken asirin Amirka dama gudanar da aiyukansu a Jamus, har yanzu ana iya cewar sun dace da halin da ake ciki na wannan zamani. Nicholas Gazeas, masanin shari'a a jami'ar Cologne, yace ko da shike ya yabawa aiyukan bincik da masanin tarihi Foschepoth yayi, amma baya goyon bayan ra'ayoyinsa a game da wanan yarjejeniya.

Yace idan ma aka dauka cewar Jamus din ta amincewa manyan daulolin na duniya wata alfarma ta musamman game da aiyukan leken asiri da sadarwa, amma a duk inda aka cimma wata yarjejeniya, to kuwa tilas ta kula da bukatun duka bangarorin da suka amince da ita. Ba kuwa zai yiwu tun lokacin farkon yarjejeniyar ace Jamus ta amince a rika sauraronta ta hanyar leken asiri ba. Ba za'a ce yarjejeniyar ta tanadi sauraron wayar shugaban gwamnati Angela Merkel a shekara ta 2013 ba.

Masanin akwai kuma tantama a game da ko wa'adin yarjejeniyar yana nan har yanzu.

A yunkurin hana aiyukan leken asiri tsakanin kasashen da suke kawayen juna, kasashen Turai yanzu haka suna aikin kokarin cimma wani tsari da zasu kira wai yarjejeniyar hana yiwuwa juna leken asiri. Wannan tsari zai nemi kasashen suyi alkawarin kauracewa leken asirin junansu. Jamus da Faransa, wadda ita ma leken asirin NSA ya shafe ta, suna kokarin ganin sun ja hankalin Amirka ta amince da irin wannan tsari.

A shari'ance, sauraron maganganun Merkel ta wayar salula yana iya zama mai muhimmanci tattare da laifukan leken asiri. Fanni na 99 na kundin tsarin mulkin Jamus ya tanadi cewra duk wanda aka samu da laifin aiyukan leken asiri, ana iya yanke masa hukuncin zaan kaso na shekaru 10. Duk da haka, Gazaes yana bai yi tsammani za'a kai ga haka ba, saboda a karshe, babu wani dan Amirkan da za'a gurfanar dashi gaban wani kotu a nan Jamus saboda laifin leken asiri har a kai ga yanke masan hukuncin zaman gidan kaso.

Mawallafa: Friedel Taube/Umaru Aliyu
Edita: Usman Shehu Usman