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090209 dialog lehramtstipendium

April 30, 2009

Alƙalumma sun yi nuni da cewa kimanin kashi ɗaya bisa uku na yara da ke fara makarantun firamare a nan Jamus, ´ya´yan baƙi ne ´yan ci-rani kuma yanzu haka yawansu sai ƙaruwa yake yi.

https://p.dw.com/p/Hgpb
Jami´ar birnin Berlin da aka fi sani da FUHoto: picture-alliance/dpa

A lokaci ɗaya kuma kashi ɗaya zuwa biyu cikin ɗari na malamai dake koyarwa yanzu haka a makarantun Jamus ne ke da dangantaka da ƙasar waje. Don ganin an shawo kan matasa haziƙai zuwa ga fannin koyarwa, a bara wata gidauniya da ake kira Hertie ta fara wani shirin ba da tallafi da ta yiwa laƙabi da Horizonte ga irin waɗannan matasa masu asali da ƙasashen waje domin horas da su fannin koyarwa a jami´ar Goethe dake birnin Frankfurt. Tun a farkon wannan shekara an faɗaɗa wannan shiri zuwa birnin Berlin, inda a matakin farko a tsawon shekaru uku gidauniyar ta ware kuɗi Euro dubu 690 a matsayin kuɗin tallafawa ɗalibai masu asali da ƙasashen ƙetare. Shirin a wannan makon zai duba wannan gagarumin aiki da wannan gidauniyar ta fara ne.

A Berlin babban birnin tarayyar Jamus kimanin kashi 30 cikin 100 na ´yan makaranta suna da asali da ƙasashen waje. Ko ya dake haka abin ya ke a zahiri amma shugabar gidauniyar ta Hertie wato Claudia Finke ta ce ba a ganin wannan sabon yanayin a tsakanin malamai masu koyarwa a makarantu. Ta ce duk da haka har yanzu ba a da muhimmancin wajen amfani da malamai masu asali da ƙasashen ƙetare a makarantun tarayyar ta Jamus.

“Ko shakka babu malamai matasa masu asali da ƙasashen ƙetare za su taka muhimmiyar rawa kuma za su kasance abin koyi musamman ga ´yan makaranta masu tushe da ƙetare. Haka zalika za su samu sauƙin tuntuɓar iyayensu fiye da takwarorin aikinsu Jamusawa. A ɓangaren al´adu ma za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a tsakanin wani sashe na ´yan makaranta.”

Shugabar ta gidauniyar Hertie ta ƙara da cewa ta wannan hanya malamai matasa dake da tushe da ƙasashen ƙetare za su kuma ba da gagarumar gudunmawa a harkokin yau da kullum a makarantu musamman ban da koyarwa za su kuma iya taka rawa a matsayin masu tafinta ko masu aikin kyautata jin ɗaɗin jama´a ko taimakawa iyayen yara ko kuma zama wasu ƙwararrun masana a zamantakewa tsakanin al´adu daban daban. A idon gidauniyar ta Hertie dake zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu mafi girma a Jamus, a matakin farko ɗaliban da ta ke bawa tallafin suna da ƙwarewa ta musamman kuma suna da cikakkiyar masaniya a fannin koyarwa, inji Claudia Finke sannan sai ta ƙara da cewa.

“Abin da muka sa a gaba shi ne mu ba da gudunmawa domin zaƙulo irin hazaƙa da baiwar da Allah Ya ba su musamman ta la´akari da abubuwan da suka shafi rayuwarsu domin su ma ´yan makaranta a makarantun wannan ƙasar su amfana da wannan baiwa. Duk da bambamcin al´adu da na salon rayuwa, ɗaya daga cikin manyan ƙalubalen dake gabanmu shi ne yadda za a tinkari bambamce-bambamce tsakanin ´yan makarantar a rayuwar yau da kullum a makarantun Jamus.”

Shirin ba da tallafin da ake kira Horizonte zai yi tasiri wajen samun ƙarin yawan baƙi da ke sha´awar sana´ar koyawar a makarantu domin shawo kan na baya su bi sahu. Duk wanda ya yanke shawarar yin aikin koyarwar a makarantu za a ba shi horo na musamman a wannan fanni. Robert Hasse shi ne daraktan makarantar Carl-Friedrich-Zelter dake unguwar Kreuzberg ta birnin Berlin, kuma ɗaya daga cikin sanannun makarantun sakandare a babban birnin na tarayyar Jamus, ya yi bayani game da sabbin malaman masu tushe da ƙasashen ƙetare.

“Muhimmin abu a nan shi ne yadda malamin zai tinkari halin da ake ciki a makarantun. Muna buƙatar malamai da za su zama abin koyi, saboda haka malamai masu tushe da ƙasashen ƙetare za su taka muhimmiyar rawa a nan. Yanzu haka daga cikin ɗalibai na akwai masu sha´awar za ma malaman makaranta. Na yi lale marhabin da haka.”

Wannan shirin wanda aka fara a birnin Frankfurt a shekara ta 2008 a matsayin haɗin guiwa tsakanin cibiyar horas da malamai da cibiyar nazarin aikin koyarwa a makarantu da kuma ma´aikatar ilimi ta jihar Hesse, yana ba da tallafin Euro 650 a kowane wata ga ɗalibi. Sai kuma kuɗin sayen littattafai da koyan harsuna da sauran abubuwa na fasaha masu muhimmanci ga ɗalibi.

Ɗalibai a fannin horas da malamai musamman waɗanda aka haife su a ƙetare ko kuma waɗanda iyayensu suka yi ƙaura zuwa Jamus za su iya neman samun tallafin. Kafin su gabatar da takardun neman tallafi dole sun cike wani sharaɗi wato na fara ɗalibta na aƙalla shekaru biyu. Daga cikin mutane biyar na farko da suka samu wannan tallafin a Berlin akwai mata uku da maza biyu waɗanda suka yi fice a tsakanin mutane 45. Suna da tushe ne daga ƙasashen Bulgariya, Ghana, Usbekistan da kuma Turkiya.

Aylin Jordan dake karatu a fannin Turanci da koyarwa a makarantun firamare ta na neman ƙarin ilimi a jami´ar Berlin. Mahaifinta Baturke ne, mahaifiyarta Bajamusa sannan mijinta kuma Ba-Amirke ne. Tun ba yau ba take bin diddigin canjin da ake samu a muhawwara tsakanin ´yan ƙasar nan cewa kamata ya yi a ba wa masu tushe da ƙasashen ƙetare wata daraja ta masu ba da gagarumar gudunmawa wajen kyautata al´adu da tsarin zamantakewa a tsakanin jama´ar wannan ƙasa. A matsayin ta na ɗaliba ta bayyana burinta ta na mai cewa.

“Muna sha´awar zama malamai musamman malamai na ƙwarai. Ana sanya mana dogon buri. To amma sau da yawa horaswar ba ta biyan dukkan bukatun da ake so saboda abubuwan da ta ƙunsa da kuma tsarin kan shi. Fatan mu shi ne wannan shirin ba da tallafi zai ƙara fito da rawar da malamai ke takawa fili. A dangane da ainihin abubuwan dake a zahiri musamman a ajujuwa inda ake ƙara samun cuɗanya tsakanin yara da matasa masu tushe da ƙasashen ƙetare, ana buƙatar sabbin dubaru na koyarwa.”

Aylin Jordan da sauran abokan karatunta na fatan cewa wannan shirin tallafin zai samu amincewa da ta dace domin gano sabbin hanyoyin da ake buƙata domin tinkarar sabon yanayin da aka shiga don bawa manyan goben ilimin da ya dace.

Kafin tsarin zaman cuɗe ni in cuɗe ka da shigar da kowa cikin aikin gina ƙasa a Jamus ya samu nasara ana buƙatar abokan hulɗa daga ɓangarori daban daban inji Viola Georgi shugabar sashen nazarin tarbiya tsakanin al´adu da addinai daban daban a jami´ar Berlin.

“Ina gani muhimmin abu shi ne matasan da suka fara aikin yanzu za su yi sha´awar kasancewa tare da juna domin samar da wani ƙwaƙƙwaran ginshiƙin tuntuɓar juna a tsakani.”

Tun a ciki watan Afrilun bara Nora ´yar asalin ƙasashen Larabawa mai shekaru 26 ta fara cin gajiyar shirin ba da tallafin na Horizonte. Yanzu haka dai tana karatu a jami´ar birnin Frankfurt, ta yi kira ga sabbin ɗaliban a Berlin tana mai cewa.

“Fata na ga sabbin ɗaliban da suka samu wannan tallafin shi ne su samu ƙarfin guiwar gano wasu sabbin hanyoyi domin an ba su dama da kuma goyon bayan yin haka.”

Mawallafa: Sabine Ripperger/Mohammad Nasiru Awal

Edita: Zainab Mohammed Abubakar